What is a scalable energy storage system?

Scalability to accommodate many energy storages without degradation of performance. Modularity to easily remove or add energy storages, and change individual energy storages without significant modification to the system.

What is an energy storage system (ESS)?

An ESS is a system composed of energy storage elements, input/output power converters, and a system controller. Fig. 1 shows a conceptual structure of an ESS. In order to provide a desired amount of energy and power capacity, multiple energy storage elements are aggregated to build a larger storage.

What makes a good energy storage system?

Flexibility to adopt various types of energy storage technologies, power sources, and load devices with a high degree of controllability. Scalability to accommodate many energy storages without degradation of performance.

Why should energy storage systems be adopted?

Adopting energy storage systems (ESS) for storing excess electrical energy and compensating the energy shortage prevents over-investment for the power generation facilities by reducing costly spinning reserve requirement and leveling the load fluctuation.

Why do we need a modular energy storage system?

Modularity to easily remove or add energy storages, and change individual energy storages without significant modification to the system. High degree of flexibility and scalability are required to compose the HESS with any types and numbers of energy storages, power sources, and load devices without performance degradation.

What are the three types of energy storage elements?

It is composed of three heterogenous energy storage elements: lead-acid batteries, lithium-ion batteries, and supercapacitors. We demonstrate a novel system control methodology and enhanced energy efficiency through this design practice. 1. Introduction